.. _Ostracism Module:

Ostracism Modul 
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**Short Description:** Ostracism, to be excluded and ignored by others, is a threatening and painful experience for individuals. The Ostracism model assesses how often people felt ignored or excluded within the previous two months.

**Methodological Details:** Participants were asked the question “How often did you have the following experiences within the last two months?” concerning four experiences: being ignored by others, being excluded from conversations by others, being treated as if they were not there by others, and not being invited for activities by others.

**Available Papers:** 

*Rudert, Selma C., Matthias D. Keller, Andrew H. Hales, Mirella Walker, and Rainer Greifeneder*. 2020. Who gets ostracized? A personality perspective on risk and protective factors of ostracism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 118 (6), 1247-1268. 
(https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp000027); 

*Rudert, Selma C., Stefan Janke, and Rainer Greifeneder*. 2020. The experience of ostracism over the adult life span. Developmental Psychology (online first). (https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0001096)

.. csv-table::
    :file: csv/Ostracism Module.csv
    :header-rows: 1